Ballot Examples
In the examples below, candidates A and B receive the most votes after the first count of votes.
Properly Filled Ballots
Each voter marks their first choice and (optional) second choice candidates.
A. The voter’s first choice, candidate B, receives their vote in both passes. Their second choice is never used.
First Pass | 1st | 2nd | Second Pass | 1st | 2nd | |||
Candidate A | ○ | ● | Candidate A | ○ | ● | |||
Candidate B ✓ | ● | ○ | Candidate B ✓ | ● | ○ | |||
Candidate C | ○ | ○ | Candidate C | ○ | ○ | |||
Candidate D | ○ | ○ | Candidate D | ○ | ○ | |||
B. The voter’s first choice is defeated in the first pass. Their vote goes to their second choice in the second pass.
First Pass | 1st | 2nd | Second Pass | 1st | 2nd | |||
Candidate A | ○ | ○ | Candidate A | ○ | ○ | |||
Candidate B | ○ | ● | Candidate B ✓ | ○ | ● | |||
Candidate C | ○ | ○ | Candidate C | ○ | ○ | |||
Candidate D ✓ | ● | ○ | Candidate D | ● | ○ | |||
C. A second choice selection is optional.
First Pass | 1st | 2nd | Second Pass | 1st | 2nd | |||
Candidate A | ○ | ○ | Candidate A | ○ | ○ | |||
Candidate B | ○ | ○ | Candidate B | ○ | ○ | |||
Candidate C ✓ | ● | ○ | Candidate C | ● | ○ | |||
Candidate D | ○ | ○ | Candidate D | ○ | ○ | |||
No vote is counted |
Improperly Filled Ballots
There is never a tactical advantage to filling out a ballot improperly, although in some cases the choice of the voter can still be determined and counted.
D. In the First Pass, one first choice candidate is selected. In the Second Pass, no first choice is selected and one second choice is, from the two remaining candidates.
First Pass |
1st |
2nd |
Second Pass |
1st |
2nd |
|||
Candidate A |
○ |
● |
Candidate A ✓ |
○ |
● |
|||
Candidate B |
○ |
○ |
Candidate B |
○ |
○ |
|||
Candidate C ✓ |
● |
● |
Candidate C |
● |
● |
|||
Candidate D |
○ |
○ |
Candidate D |
○ |
○ |
|||
E. The order of ranks is 1st choice > 2nd choice > unselected. The same rules apply to both rounds. In this example, candidate A receives the vote in both rounds.
First Pass |
1st |
2nd |
Second Pass |
1st |
2nd |
|||
Candidate A ✓ |
○ |
● |
Candidate A ✓ |
○ |
● |
|||
Candidate B |
○ |
○ |
Candidate B |
○ |
○ |
|||
Candidate C |
○ |
○ |
Candidate C |
○ |
○ |
|||
Candidate D |
○ |
○ |
Candidate D |
○ |
○ |
|||
F. In this example, two first choice candidates are selected in the first pass, so no vote is counted. In the second pass, between candidates A and B, this voter’s preference is clear.
First Pass |
1st |
2nd |
Second Pass |
1st |
2nd |
|||
Candidate A |
○ |
○ |
Candidate A |
○ |
○ |
|||
Candidate B |
● |
○ |
Candidate B ✓ |
● |
○ |
|||
Candidate C |
● |
○ |
Candidate C |
● |
○ |
|||
Candidate D |
○ |
○ |
Candidate D |
○ |
○ |
|||
No vote is counted |
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G. A ballot with choices for more than two total candidates is disqualified. This ensures that a properly filled out ballot is the optimal way to vote.
First Pass |
1st |
2nd |
Second Pass |
1st |
2nd |
|||
Candidate A |
○ |
○ |
Candidate A |
○ |
○ |
|||
Candidate B |
○ |
● |
Candidate B |
○ |
● |
|||
Candidate C |
● |
○ |
Candidate C |
● |
○ |
|||
Candidate D |
○ |
● |
Candidate D |
○ |
● |
|||
Ballot is disqualified. |
Ballot is disqualified. |
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